![]() ![]() This paper will retrace the development Ghazals in the Twentieth Century America through Ghazals from Agha Shahid Ali’s anthology, ‘Ravishing Disunities,’ translations and interpretations of Ghazals from Aijaz Ahmad’s ‘Ghazals of Ghalib‘ which will shed light on their understanding of the form, Adrienne Rich’s Ghazals: Homage to Ghalib, and other works by poets such as Andrew McCord, Robert Bly, and reveal whether the Ghazals in English/Anti Ghazals/Meta Ghazals have maintained the ascetic form in the English language while transmitting the ancient colour of experience. ![]() An infusion of modern western sensibility of poetry with Ghazals has caused the latter to metamorphose, hybridising the long-established convention. Other practitioners of the form such as Agha Shahid Ali, who considered the Persian model of the ghazals as ‘the real thing,’ and extensively wrote ghazals during his time, along with poets like John Haag, Heather McHugh, and Carole Stone are trying to revive the form in the English ghazals. Since then, poets like Phyllis Webb, Adrienne Rich and Karen Brennen have attempted to write ghazals in western languages, but in the process, they have taken away the austerity and have come up with the notion of Anti-Ghazals and Meta Ghazals. Merwin, Adrienne Rich, William Stafford, and Mark Strand to work on Mirza Ghalib’s ghazals to commemorate the centennial anniversary of his death. In 1968 the idea of Ghazals entered American poetry after Aijaz Ahmad approached poets such as W. ![]()
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